jit.openexr
Read or write an OpenEXR image.
Description
Converts an OpenEXR image to and from a jit.matrix object for an arbitrary number of planes or color components.
Discussion
OpenEXR is a high dynamic-range (HDR) image file format developed by Industrial Light and Magic for use in computer imaging applications.
The jit.openexr object supports 16-bit unsigned integer as well as 16-bit (aka "half") and 32-bit floating-point color component values. Half values have 1 sign bit, 5 exponent bits, and 10 mantissa bits. For linear images, this format provides 1024 (210) values per color component per f-stop, and 30 f-stops (25 - 2), with an additional 10 f-stops with reduced precision at the low end (denormals). The half format supports denormalized numbers, positive and negative infinities, and NaNs. It is identical to the half data type in NVIDIA's Cg graphics language.
When converted to or from a jit.matrix object, half values get promoted to 32 bit floating-point values (float32), 16-bit integer values get converted to 8-bit unsigned char, 64 bit floating-point values get converted to 32 bit, and 32 bit integer values get converted to 16 bit unsigned.
OpenEXR also supports several lossless compression methods (PIZ, ZIP, RLE), which can achieve compression ratios of about 2:1 for images with film grain.
Matrix Operator
| Name | IOProc | Planelink | Typelink | Dimlink | Plane | Dim | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| out | n/a | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | char long float32 float64 |
More about Matrix Operators
The Jitter MOP
Since the matrix is Jitter's focus, it is not surprising that the majority of Jitter objects fall in this category of Matrix Operators. Every Matrix operator has some number of matrix inputs and some number of matrix outputs. Matrix inputs are referred to by the names "in", "in2", "in3", etc., from left to right, and matrix outputs are referred to by the names "out", "out2", "out3", etc., from left to right--i.e. the names are appended by the input/output number except for the first (leftmost) input and first (leftmost) output which are simply named "in" and "out". We will refer to the input or output name names as the "I/O-name".
Matrix inputs and outputs typically each have their own matrices internally where information is kept. This is necessary because Jitter is an asynchronous framework (i.e. all the matrices don't arrive at all inputs at the same time). Various aspects of matrix inputs and outputs can be set using the command [I/O-name] combined with one of the following suffixes: "_dim" which will set the dimensions of the specified I/O matrix, "_type" which will set the type of the specified matrix, "_planecount" which will set the plane of the specified matrix, or "_name" which will set the name of the specified matrix. There is one special case which does not have an internal matrix and this is the first input "in". This is the case since this special input actually triggers the calculation of the matrix operator, so it doesn't need to be cached until a calulation takes place, unlike the other inputs. Therefore there is no mechanism to set the dim, planecount, type, or name of "in".
Matrix operators accept what we'll refer to as "matrix args"--i.e. [planecount (int)] [ type (symbol)] [dim (int list)] . if these arguments are present, the adapt attribute will be turned off, otherwise it will be turned on. If adapt mode is turned on, each time a matrix is received in the first input, there will also be the equivalent of setting the dim , planecount , and type attributes to that of the input matrix. If the other inputs and outputs are linked to these attributes, this will affect their linked attributes as well. See the "MOP" table to determine which inputs and outputs will be linked to which attributes when adapt mode is turned on. For the leftmost input this is not applicable, and hence all columns are labelled "n/a".
The jit.matrix object is a named matrix which may be used to matrix data storage and retrieval, resampling, and matrix type and planecount conversion operations.
MOP Arguments
planecount[int]
optional
Explicitly sets the number of planes for the output and any righthand inputs. If this is absent, the Matrix Operator will typically adapt to the lefthand incoming matrix attributes, except for special case operators.
type[symbol]
optional
Explicitly sets the type of the matrix for the output and any righthand inputs. If this is absent, the Matrix Operator will typically adapt to the lefthand incoming matrix attributes, except for special case operators.
dimensions[list]
optional
Explicitly sets the dimensions of the matrix for the output and any righthand inputs. If this is absent, the Matrix Operator will typically adapt to the lefthand incoming matrix attributes, except for special case operators.
MOP Attributes
adapt[int]
Matrix adaptation flag (default = 0 if matrix arguments are present, otherwise 1) When the flag is set, the jit.matrix object will adapt to the incoming matrix planecount, type, and dimensions.
[in/out]_dim[32 ints]
The matrix data dimensions (default = 1 1)
[in/out]_name[symbol]
The input or output name of the matrix (default = UID)
[in/out]_planecount[int]
The number of planes in matrix input our output data. Except in special cases, this value is equal to the planecount .
[in/out]_type[symbol]
The input or output matrix data type. Except in special cases, this value is equal to type .
outputmode[int]
Output mode (default = 1 (calculate and output matrix))
0 = No output (no calculation)
1 = Calculate and output the matrix
2 = Pass input (no calculation)
3 = Pass output (no calculation)
type[int]
The matrix data type (default = char
Supported data types are char , long , float32 , or float64 .
MOP Messages
bang
Equivalent to the outputmatrix message.
clear
Sets all cell values in a matrix to zero.
exportattrs
Exports an object's current attributes values in XML format. If no filename is specified, a file dialog will open to let you choose a file.
- filename
[symbol]
getattributes
Sends a sequence of lists out the object's right outlet describing the object's attributes, one line per attribute. Each line listing takes the form attribute attribute-name get get-value set foo set-value data-type(s) number-of-values .
getstate
Sends a sequence of lists describing the object's state out the object's right outlet, one line per attribute. Each line listing line takes the form attribute-name attribute-value1 attribute-value2 ... attribute-valueN .
importattrs
Imports attributes specified in XML format to set the object's attributes. If no filename is specified, a file dialog will open to let you choose a file.
- filename
[symbol]
jit_matrix
Handles input for the named matrix. If this messages is received in the left inlet, output is typically triggered. If this message is received in any other inlet, the data is typically cached until the jit_matrix message is received in the left inlet.
- matrix-name
[symbol]
outputmatrix
Sends the matrix out the left outlet.
summary
Sends a sequence of lists describing the object and it attributes and messages out the rightmost outlet of the object. The first output line takes the form summary objectname object-name . The second and third lines describe the number of inlets and outlets for the object in the form summary (matrixinputcount/matrixoutletcount) number-of-(inlets/outlets) . The fourth line describes the matrixoutput in the form summary matrixoutput descriptor planelink planelink-value typelink typelink-value dimlink dimlink-value types data-type(s) . Each attribute for the object is then listed, one attribute per line. Each line listing takes the form summary attribute attribute-name attribute-value1 attribute-value2 ... attribute-valueN .
Attributes
adjust[int]
Flag to enable or disable adjusting the HDR image data through ILM's proposed display mapping pipeline (default = 0). When enabled, the exposure, defog, kneehigh, kneelow, and normalize attributes can be used to control the following display mapping process:
1. Compensate for fogging by subtracting defog from the raw pixel values.
2. Multiply the defogged pixel values by 2(exposure + 2.47393).
3. Values, which are now 1.0, are called "middle gray." If defog and exposure are both set to 0.0, then middle gray corresponds to a raw pixel value of 0.18. In step 6, middle gray values will be mapped to an intensity 3.5 f-stops below the display's maximum intensity.
4. Apply a knee function. The knee function has two parameters, kneeLow and kneeHigh. Pixel values below 2kneeLow are not changed by the knee function. Pixel values above kneeLow are lowered according to a logarithmic curve, such that the value 2kneeHigh is mapped to 23.5 (in step 6, this value will be mapped to the display's maximum intensity).
5. Gamma-correct the pixel values.
6. Scale the values such that middle gray pixels are mapped to 84.66 (or 3.5 f-stops below the display's maximum intensity).
7. If converting to 8 bit unsigned integer values (char), clamp the values to [0, 255].
channels[32 symbols]
The list of channel names to use. When reading an OpenEXR file into a jit.matrix object, these channels will be mapped to sequential planes. If a channel does not exist it will be filled with zeros. When writing a jit.matrix object, the names listed in this list will be used to name each plane as they are stored in the OpenEXR file. (default = null)
defog[float]
Value subtracted from pixel values to compensate for fogging due to stray light in the recording device (default = 0.0).
exposure[float]
Sets the apparent exposure of the image on the display. It lightens or darkens the displayed image, allowing you to reveal detail in the high or low end. (default = 0.0)
gamma[float]
Coefficient to use for gamma correcting the pixel values (default = 2.2)
kneehigh[float]
Pixel values between kneeHigh and kneeLow set the white level of the displayed image, determining which value is mapped to the maximum intensity of the monitor (default = 3.5)
kneelow[float]
Pixel values between kneehigh and kneelow set the white level of the displayed image, determining which value is mapped to the maximum intensity of the monitor (default = 0.0).
normalize[int]
Flag to enable or disable normalization for rempping the floating point data into a uniform range of 0-1. This operation will be performed before the display mapping process. (default = 0)
outputfile[int]
In order to output the contents of an openexr file from JS users must either provide an input matrix or enable outputfile.
verbose[int]
Toggles the printing of information to Max Console.
Common Box Attributes
annotation[symbol]
Sets the text that will be displayed in the Clue window when the user moves the mouse over the object.
background[int]: 0
Adds or removes the object from the patcher's background layer. background 1 adds the object to the background layer, background 0 removes it. Objects in the background layer are shown behind all objects in the default foreground layer.
color[4 floats]
Sets the color for the object box outline.
fontface[int]
Sets the type style used by the object. The options are:
plain
bold
italic
bold italic
Possible values:
0 = 'regular'
1 = 'bold'
2 = 'italic'
3 = 'bold italic'
fontname[symbol]
Sets the object's font.
fontsize[float]
Sets the object's font size (in points).
Possible values:
'8'
'9'
'10'
'11'
'12'
'13'
'14'
'16'
'18'
'20'
'24'
'30'
'36'
'48'
'64'
'72'
hint[symbol]
Sets the text that will be displayed in as a pop-up hint when the user moves the mouse over the object in a locked patcher.
ignoreclick[int]: 0
Toggles whether an object ignores mouse clicks in a locked patcher.
jspainterfile[symbol]
You can override the default appearance of a user interface object by assigning a JavaScript file with code for painting the object. The file must be in the search path.
patching_rect[4 floats]: 0. 0. 100. 0.
Sets the position and size of the object in the patcher window.
position[2 floats]
write-only
Sets the object's x and y position in both patching and presentation modes (if the object belongs to its patcher's presentation), leaving its size unchanged.
presentation[int]: 0
Sets whether an object belongs to the patcher's presentation.
presentation_rect[4 floats]: 0. 0. 0. 0.
Sets the x and y position and width and height of the object in the patcher's presentation, leaving its patching position unchanged.
rect[4 floats]
write-only
Sets the x and y position and width and height of the object in both patching and presentation modes (if the object belongs to its patcher's presentation).
size[2 floats]
write-only
Sets the object's width and height in both patching and presentation modes (if the object belongs to its patcher's presentation), leaving its position unchanged.
textcolor[4 floats]
Sets the color for the object's text in RGBA format.
textjustification[int]
Sets the justification for the object's text.
Possible values:
0 = 'left'
1 = 'center'
2 = 'right'
varname[symbol]
Sets the patcher's scripting name, which can be used to address the object by name in pattr, scripting messages to thispatcher, and the js object.
Messages
(drag)
Drag and drop an exr media file onto the object to load it.
read
Reads the given file into a jit.matrix using the indicated channels listed in the channel attribute. File read notifications are sent out of the dump outlet as a list composed of the message read, the path to the file, and a 0 or 1, where 0 = failure, 1 = success.
- filename
[symbol]
write
Writes the current jit.matrix to disk as an OpenEXR image file using the indicated channels listed in the channel attribute.
- filename
[symbol]
See Also
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| jit.matrix | The Jitter Matrix! |
| jit.bfg | Evaluate a procedural basis function graph |